Mapurasitiki, mazhinji eizvi zvinhu zvekusimbisa (zvinowanzotaura, kupokana kwekushandisa zvinhu zviri pamusoro pegumi nemakumi mashanu OHM-m, kureva Zvishandiso zvemapurasitiki zvinokosha zvakakosha zveMagetsi uye zvemagetsi zvemagetsi (zvemagetsi uye zvemagetsi, e & e), uye kusarudzwa kwavo kwekunyora ndiko kuve nechokwadi chehunhu uye kuvimbika kwemidziyo yemagetsi uye yemagetsi. Zvishandiso zvemapurasitiki zvichishandiswa mukushandiswa kwezvinhu zvekutanga zvinosanganisira zvivakwa zvemagetsi, zvivakwa zvemakemikari, zvinyorwe zvakaringana, Difectric kurasikirwa, Didilectric Simba .
Kuita kwekushandisa kwepurasitiki kusimbisa mumunda wemagetsi, isu tinowanzo shandisa dielectric zvivakwa, zvakanyatsoita kuti dielectric , Harsi Dilelectric nguva dzose (ok), dielectric kurasikirwa kungararent (tan δ δ) uye dielectric simba (ej). Zvichingoisa, mapurasitiki ekusimbisa zvisingaiti, kupukuta, kurasikirwa, uye kuputsika mumunda yemagetsi. Kazhinji, kuisvikirwa kwechikamu chepurasitiki kunosanganisira kusimbisa kwemukati uye kusimbisa kwemukati. Pamusoro pekusimbisa kunonyanya kusanganisira zvivakwa zvakadai sekuramba kwepamusoro, kupokana nekutsungirira kwemagetsi, kurwisa kwemukati, zvokunamatira
1. Insulation Resistance uye Runoramba
Kusavimbika kupokana ndeimwe yemaperetera ekutanga kuratidza zvinhu zvekunyepedzera, kupokana kwekunhuhwirira kwave kuita zvikamu zviviri, kurwisa kupokana, rv) kupokana, rs), basa rinoenderana, basa rinoenderana Bhuku rokuvaraidza Kudzikisira kunoenderana kune vhoriyamu kupokana (ρv) uye pamusoro pepfungwa (ρs), zvichiteerana. Kubva pane tsananguro, kupokana kwehuwandu kunoiswa mufungidziro "mbiri" pane zvakapesana nema electrodes pakati peiyo yakasarudzika-mamiriro ezvinhu per unit vhoriyamu; Kumusoro kweSeptivity kunoiswa mufungidziro "A" pamusoro peiyo maviri electrodes, purase yepamusoro inoiswa mune iyo fungidziro "iyo" pamusoro peiyo ma electrodes maviri. Kumisikidzwa kwepamusoro kuri mufungidziro "ye" pamusoro peiyo maviri electrodes yakawedzerwa pakati pemamwe ma electrodes neyemagetsi miviri yetsvina yeiyo nzvimbo yekupokana kweiyo nzvimbo yekupokana. Muchokwadi, zvinhu zvepurasitiki zvichisimbisa mumunda wemagetsi, pachavawo chidiki chidiki kusvika, izvi zvazvino kuburikidza neiyo phenomenon, inozivikanwa seyekuparara, kuburikidza neyazvino inodaidzwa kuti Lakage zvazvino (leakge yazvino).
Mitemo mikuru yebvunzo yehuwandu hwepurumu uye kupokana kwemapurasitiki ekusimbisa zvinhu I IEC 60093, ASTM D.00 zvinokanganisa pane insolation kuramba kwepurasitiki. Kuvhiringidza vhoriyamu yezvakawanda zvekushandisa epurasitiki kuri pakati pegumi nemakumi mashanu ~ 1016 ω Kazhinji, kupokana kwevasina-polar polym kwakakura zvishoma kupfuura iko kwe polar polymers, asi nekuda kwemisiyano mikuru, uye mamiriro ekutsvaga, kunyange kuita kwezvinhu zvakafanana,
2. dielectric nguva dzose uye dielectric kurasikirwa
Kubvumidzwa kwehama Dilelectric inogara ichi chigadzirwa chehama dielectric nguva dzose uye vacuum dielelectric nguva dzose. Dilelectr Kurasikirwa Angle (δ), ndiyo kona yakasara yedanho remusiyano pakati peiyo voltage inoshandiswa kune capacitor ine zvinyorwa zvekusimbisa seye dielectric uye zvinokonzerwa izvozvi. Iyo tangent yeDilelectric Kurasikirwa Kamwe (zvakare inozivikanwa seDifectric Kurasikirwa kwechinhu, tanδ) ndiyo chiyero chinoshandiswa kuita zvinhu zvinoshandiswa kana voltage inoshandiswa, . Mukutaura kweyakagara Tsime reDilelectric Kurasikirwa ndiko kupurasitiki kusimbisa zvinhu zvakazara mumunda wemagetsi, kutora simba remagetsi uye kuishungurudza muchimiro chekupisa.
Plastiki Insulation Paly Lice Dilelectric Kugara uye Didilectric Kurasikirwa kwechimiro chebvunzo zviri kunyanya iec 602, t Kuwedzera kweiyo frequency yemunda wemagetsi, iyo Dilelectric nguva dzose inoderera, kurasikirwa kweDilelectric kunowedzera. Zvakajairika kusiri-polar kana zvishoma polar plassics, senge polythyryry, polystetrafluorolene purassics, anenge 2 ~ 4); Polar mapuranga, senge phc, phenooli resins, nylon, etc. Kufanana nebasa, iyo dielectric nguva dzose uye Dilelectric kurasikirwa kwezvekushandisa kwepurasitiki zvinokanganiswawo nekuumbwa, maitiro ekugadzira, uye mamiriro ekuedza.
3. Dieslectric Simba
Dilelectric Simba (Difectric Simba) Muedzo wakakamurwa kuva marudzi maviri, kureva kuputsa bvunzo uye voltage inomira bvunzo. Breakdown bvunzo ndeyekupedzisira kuongororwa, iyo fungidziro inoitika kana kupaza kupaza voltage (kuputsa voltage kana punctive voltawn voltage iyo iyo dielectric Simba (KV / mm). Netsiridzi bvunzo dzeVoltage iri muNhanho-ne-nhanho voltage, iyo fungidziro ichiramba yakanyanya voltage, iyo, itsiritira voltage (gadzirisa voltage kana kupokana nevhetita); Muyero yeVoltage, iyo yese bvunzo fungidziro haina kuitika mukati mekuparadzwa. Zvakakosha kucherechedza izvozvo, panguva yekuedzwa, pane mukana wekuputika, ndiko kuti, iyo fungidziro uye electrodes kutenderedza kurasikirwa kweiyo gasi kana svutugadzike, ichikonzera dunhu rekuyera.
Maitiro makuru ekuyedza iyo Difectric Simba rePlastiki Insulation Zvigadzirwa ndee I IEC 60243, TSTM D118 uye GB / T 1695, T 1695 inzira yekuedza yeVulcanized Rubber. Izvo zvakakodzera kutaura kuti bvunzo yezvinhu zvekuita zvinhu zvinokanganiswa neyorming waveform uye frequency (DC, svutugadzike), kushamisika kwechiitiko, kusimuka uye inhomogeneity yemamiriro ekunze uye mamiriro ekunze. The dielectric strength of common general-purpose and engineering plastic plates and sheets is around 10 ~ 60 kV/mm, and the dielectric strength of films such as polypropylene, polyester and polyimide is around 100 ~ 300 kV/mm.
